La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento

## The physics of volcanoes since the 1960s

Authors: P. Gasparini
DOI: 10.1393/ncr/i2013-10093-0
pp. 461-500
Published online 16 October 2013
Abstract: Modern volcano physics started in the 1960s with the advent of the plate tectonic model for dynamic Earth. It progressed steadily along with other geosciences. The main steps were driven by the development of laboratory facilities for the simulation of $T$ and $P$ conditions in the deep interior of the Earth and of geophysical methods to probe the interior of volcanoes and to monitor its dynamics. The use of large computing facilities permitted to address the non-linearity of volcanic processes. Volcano physics is going very fast towards the possibility of an integrated use of different geophysical and geochemical monitoring data, history of past eruption of a volcano and results of analogical and numerical simulations on magma ascent and eruption, within quantitative probabilistic models of eruption forecasting.